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vanadium

Primary Information
Secondary Information

Definition

Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a silvery-white, hard, and ductile transition metal.

Vanadium is found in nature in combination with other elements, such as iron, nickel, and copper. It is extracted from these ores by smelting or by hydrometallurgy.

Vanadium is used in many different ways, such as in steel alloys, to make them stronger and more resistant to corrosion. It is also used in some chemical compounds, such as vanadium pentoxide, which is used as a catalyst in the production of sulfuric acid.

Vanadium is also used in some medical applications, such as in the treatment of anaemia. It is also being studied for its potential use in cancer treatment.

How can the word be used?

The vanadium content of the steel was high.

vanadium

Different forms of the word

Noun: a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23.

XAdjective: relating to vanadium.

Etymology

The word "vanadium" comes from the Latin word "Vanadis", which is the name of the Norse goddess of beauty.

The first recorded use of the word "vanadium" in English was in 1831.

Question

What is vanadium?

AQA Science Exam Question and Answer

Question:

Explain the role of vanadium in the human body and its significance in redox reactions. Provide an example of a biological process where vanadium plays a crucial role.

Answer:

Vanadium, an essential trace element, plays a vital role in the human body and redox reactions. It is incorporated into certain enzymes, such as vanadium-dependent haloperoxidases, which participate in biochemical processes. These enzymes are involved in the oxidation of halides and organic substrates, playing a crucial role in detoxification and defence mechanisms within the body.

One significant biological process where vanadium is essential is in the glucose metabolism pathway. Vanadium ions mimic insulin's action by binding to insulin receptors on cell membranes, enhancing glucose uptake and utilisation. This process helps regulate blood sugar levels, making vanadium potentially valuable in managing diabetes.

In redox reactions, vanadium exhibits multiple oxidation states, allowing it to participate as both a reducing and oxidizing agent. This property contributes to its significance in redox reactions, where it can transfer electrons and facilitate chemical transformations.