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twist

Primary Information
Secondary Information

Definition

A twist is a change in direction of an object or substance. It can be caused by a force, such as when you twist a piece of paper, or it can happen naturally, such as when a tornado twists the air.

Twists can be classified by their shape, such as a helix or a spiral. They can also be classified by their direction, such as clockwise or counterclockwise.

Twists can be used to create different shapes and objects. For example, you can twist a piece of paper into a spiral, or you can twist a piece of dough into a pretzel.

Twists can also be used to transmit force. For example, a twist drill uses a twist to cut through wood or metal.

How can the word be used?

The road twisted and turned through the mountains.

twist

Different forms of the word

Noun:

  • a turn or coil of something flexible, such as a rope or thread.
  • a sudden change in direction or course.
  • a complicated or confusing situation.
  • a particular way of thinking or behaving.

Verb:

  • to turn or coil something flexible.
  • to change direction or course suddenly.
  • to make something complicated or confusing.
  • to give something a particular way of thinking or behaving.

Etymology

The word "twist" comes from the Old English word "twiscian", which means "to turn or twine".

The first recorded use of the word "twist" in English was in the 13th century.

The word "twist" is an Old English word, and it is related to the Old Frisian word "twiskia", the Old Saxon word "twiskian", and the Old Norse word "tvísk".

Question

What might you twist?

AQA Science Exam Question and Answer

Question:

Define the concept of twist as it relates to DNA structure and explain its role in genetic information storage and processing. Describe the significance of DNA twist in the context of DNA replication and transcription. Provide an example of a real-world scenario where understanding DNA twist is crucial.

Answer:

In the context of DNA structure, twist refers to the helical winding or coiling of the DNA double helix. This twisting arrangement is essential for the compact storage of genetic information and plays a crucial role in various cellular processes.

The twist of DNA is vital for genetic information storage and processing. The coiled structure allows a significant amount of genetic material to be compactly packed into the cell nucleus. During DNA replication, enzymes unwind the double helix by untwisting the strands, allowing DNA polymerases to synthesise new complementary strands. In transcription, DNA twist facilitates the unwinding of the DNA molecule, enabling the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.

A real-world example of the importance of DNA twists is seen in cancer research. Mutations in genes responsible for regulating DNA twists can lead to abnormalities in DNA replication and transcription, contributing to the development of cancer. Understanding the role of DNA twist can aid in identifying potential therapeutic targets to prevent or treat cancer.