respiration
Definition
Respiration is a metabolic process that takes place in all living cells. It is the process by which organisms obtain energy from food.
Respiration involves the breakdown of glucose, a sugar molecule, into carbon dioxide and water. This breakdown process releases energy, which is used by the cells to do work.
There are two main types of respiration: aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration is the most common type of respiration. It takes place in the presence of oxygen. Glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water, and energy is released.
Anaerobic respiration is a type of respiration that takes place in the absence of oxygen. Glucose is broken down into different products, such as alcohol or lactic acid, and energy is released.
Respiration is essential for life. It is the process by which organisms obtain the energy they need to function.
How can the word be used?
The doctor monitored the patient's respiration.
Different forms of the word
Noun:
- the process of taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs.
Etymology
The word "respiration" comes from the Latin word "respirare", which means "to breathe".
The first recorded use of the word "respiration" in English was in the 14th century.
Question
What happens during respiration?
AQA Science Exam Question and Answer
Question:
Explain the process of respiration in living organisms and differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Provide examples of when each type of respiration occurs and their implications for energy production.
Answer:
Respiration is a vital biological process that involves the release of energy from nutrients within cells. It comprises two main types: aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and is the most efficient way of producing energy. During aerobic respiration, glucose and oxygen are metabolised in the mitochondria to produce carbon dioxide, water, and a significant amount of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's energy currency. This process provides the bulk of energy needed for various cellular activities. Humans and most organisms primarily rely on aerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration, in contrast, occurs when oxygen is limited or absent. It involves the incomplete breakdown of glucose, leading to the production of lactic acid or ethanol and a smaller amount of ATP. Anaerobic respiration is less efficient and often occurs during strenuous activities when the oxygen supply cannot meet the energy demands. Some microorganisms, like yeast, also perform anaerobic respiration.