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protozoa

Primary Information
Secondary Information

Definition

Protozoa are a diverse group of single-celled eukaryotes that are found in a wide variety of habitats, including water, soil, and the bodies of other organisms. Protozoa are classified into four major groups: amoebas, flagellates, ciliates, and sporozoans. Amoebas are characterised by their ability to change shape. Flagellates have one or more flagella that they use to move around. Ciliates have many cilia that they use to move around and to trap food. Sporozoans are parasitic protozoa that reproduce by spores.

Protozoa play an important role in the environment. They help to break down dead organisms and to recycle nutrients. Some protozoa are also helpful to humans, such as the ones that are used to produce biofertilisers and biopesticides. However, other protozoa can cause diseases, such as malaria, giardia, and toxoplasmosis.

How can the word be used?

Protozoa are found in all environments, including water, soil, and the human body.

protozoa

Different forms of the word

Noun: a single-celled organism that is typically motile and eukaryotic.

Adjective: relating to protozoa.

Etymology

The word "protozoa" comes from the Greek words "protos" (first) and "zoon" (animal).

The first recorded use of the word "protozoa" was in 1818.

Question

What are protozoa?

AQA Science Exam Question and Answer

Question:

Define protozoa and explain their role in various ecosystems. Discuss the diversity of protozoa and their ecological functions, emphasizing their significance in nutrient cycling and as indicators of environmental health.

Answer:

Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms that belong to the Kingdom Protista. They inhabit various ecosystems, from terrestrial to aquatic environments, and play important roles in these systems.

Protozoa contribute to nutrient cycling by participating in decomposition processes. They feed on organic matter, breaking down dead organisms and organic materials, and releasing essential nutrients back into the environment. This recycling process is vital for the health and sustainability of ecosystems.

The diversity of protozoa is substantial, with various forms ranging from free-living to parasitic species. Some protozoa, like amoebas, move using pseudopods, while others, like ciliates, have hair-like structures called cilia for movement. Flagellates possess whip-like flagella for mobility. These diverse forms adapt to their respective habitats and contribute to the overall balance of the ecosystem.

Protozoa also serve as indicators of environmental health. Their abundance and diversity can reflect the condition of an ecosystem, as they are sensitive to changes in water quality and pollution levels. Monitoring protozoa populations can provide insights into ecosystem health and help identify potential issues.