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oxide

Primary Information
Secondary Information

Definition

An oxide is a chemical compound that contains oxygen and one other element. The other element can be a metal, a nonmetal, or a metalloid.

Oxides are formed when oxygen atoms bond with atoms of other elements. The number of oxygen atoms in an oxide molecule can vary, depending on the element that it is bonded to.

Oxides can be ionic or covalent. Ionic oxides are formed when oxygen atoms bond to metal atoms. Covalent oxides are formed when oxygen atoms bond to nonmetal or metalloid atoms.

Oxides have a variety of properties. They can be solids, liquids, or gases. They can be soluble in water or not soluble in water. They can be acidic, basic, or neutral.

Oxides are important in many ways. They are used to make metals, to make chemicals, and to make building materials. They are also important in the environment, as they help to clean the air and water.

Here are some examples of oxides:

  • Metal oxides: Sodium oxide (Na2O), magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO)
  • Nonmetal oxides: Carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
  • Metalloid oxides: Silicon dioxide (SiO2), germanium dioxide (GeO2), tin dioxide (SnO2)

How can the word be used?

Oxides are important for many different processes, such as combustion, rusting, and photosynthesis.

oxide

Different forms of the word

Noun: A compound of oxygen with another element.

Adjective: Relating to or containing oxygen.

Etymology

The word "oxide" comes from the Latin word "oxydus," which means "acid-forming." The Latin word "oxydus" is derived from the Greek word "oxys" (acid).

The word "oxide" was first used in English in the 17th century. It was used to refer to a compound of oxygen with another element.

Question

What is an oxide?

AQA Science Exam Question and Answer

Question:

Explain the formation of metal oxides and their significance in both natural processes and industrial applications. Provide a specific example of metal oxide and its uses.

Answer:

Metal oxides are compounds formed when a metal reacts with oxygen. This process is called oxidation. It occurs naturally when metals are exposed to atmospheric oxygen, causing them to corrode or rust over time. Metal oxides play a significant role in various natural processes, like the weathering of rocks and minerals, which releases essential nutrients into the soil.

In addition to natural occurrences, metal oxides are crucial in numerous industrial applications. For instance, iron oxide, commonly known as rust, is used in the production of pigments for paints, ceramics, and cosmetics. It also acts as a catalyst in the Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production, a critical step in the manufacturing of fertilisers.

Another important example is aluminium oxide, which forms a protective layer on aluminium surfaces, preventing further corrosion. This oxide layer also gives aluminium its unique properties, making it widely used in construction, transportation, and packaging industries.

In summary, metal oxides form through oxidation processes and have both natural and industrial significance. Their diverse applications, from pigments to catalysts, demonstrate their importance in our daily lives and various industries.