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ornithology

Primary Information
Secondary Information

Definition

Ornithology is the scientific study of birds. It is a branch of zoology that encompasses the study of birds' anatomy, behaviour, ecology, evolution, and taxonomy. Ornithologists use a variety of methods to study birds, including observation, field research, and laboratory analysis.

Ornithology is a fascinating and diverse field of study. Birds are found on every continent and in every habitat on Earth. They come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and colours. Ornithologists study birds to learn about their biology, behaviour, and ecology. This information can be used to conserve birds and their habitats.

Here are some of the things that ornithologists study:

  • Anatomy: Ornithologists study the structure of birds' bodies, including their bones, muscles, feathers, and organs.
  • Behaviour: Ornithologists study how birds behave, including their feeding habits, breeding behaviour, and migration patterns.
  • Ecology: Ornithologists study how birds interact with their environment, including their food sources, predators, and competitors.
  • Evolution: Ornithologists study how birds have evolved over time, including their relationships with other birds and animals.
  • Taxonomy: Ornithologists classify birds into different groups based on their shared characteristics.

How can the word be used?

There are many different types of ornithologists, including field ornithologists, museum ornithologists, and laboratory ornithologists.

ornithology

Different forms of the word

Noun: The scientific study of birds.

Adjective: Relating to ornithology.

Etymology

The word "ornithology" comes from the Greek words "ornis" (bird) and "logos" (study of).

The word "ornithology" was first used in English in the 16th century. It was used to refer to the scientific study of birds.

Question

What does an ornithologist study?

AQA Science Exam Question and Answer

Question:

Describe the process of bird migration and discuss the key factors that trigger and guide this behaviour. Provide a specific example of a migratory bird species and its remarkable journey.

Answer:

Bird migration is a fascinating behaviour where birds undertake long journeys between their breeding and wintering grounds. This behaviour is driven by various factors, primarily the availability of food, favourable breeding conditions, and temperature changes. The changing day length also acts as a signal for birds to commence migration.

For instance, consider the Arctic Tern, a remarkable migratory bird species. Arctic Terns breed in the Arctic regions during the northern summer and then undertake one of the longest migrations of any bird species, travelling to the Antarctic for the southern summer. This incredible journey spans around 44,000 miles (70,000 kilometres) round-trip. These birds navigate using a combination of visual landmarks, celestial cues, and Earth's magnetic field.

Factors such as genetic predisposition and learning from older birds also play a role in guiding migration. As food sources diminish and temperatures drop in their breeding areas, these triggers prompt birds to embark on their journey to more favourable locations. Successful migration ensures survival by allowing birds to access abundant resources and suitable conditions in different parts of the world throughout the year.