large intestine
Definition
The large intestine, also known as the colon, is the last part of the digestive tract. It is about 5 feet long and it is located in the lower abdomen. The large intestine helps to absorb water from food waste and to form stool.
The large intestine is divided into four parts:
- The cecum: The cecum is the first part of the large intestine. It is a pouch that stores food waste from the small intestine.
- The colon: The colon is the longest part of the large intestine. It is divided into four sections: the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon.
- The rectum: The rectum is the last part of the large intestine. It stores stool until it is time to be eliminated.
- The anus: The anus is the opening at the end of the digestive tract. It is where stool is eliminated from the body.
The large intestine is lined with villi, which are small finger-like projections. The villi increase the surface area of the large intestine, which allows it to absorb more water from food waste.
The large intestine also contains bacteria that help to break down food waste. These bacteria produce vitamins and other nutrients that are absorbed by the body.
When food waste has been completely digested, it is stored in the rectum until it is time to be eliminated. The rectum contracts to push the stool out of the body through the anus.
How can the word be used?
The large intestine is divided into four parts: the cecum, the colon, the rectum, and the anal canal.
Different forms of the word
Noun: Large intestine is the last part of the digestive system in humans and other mammals. It is about 5 feet long and 2 inches in diameter.
Adjective: Large intestinal is an adjective that describes something that is related to the large intestine. For example, a large intestinal polyp is a polyp that grows in the large intestine.
Verb: To large intestine is to pass stool through the large intestine.
Etymology
The word "large intestine" comes from the Old English words "lang" (long) and "innoð" (intestine). It was first used in English in the 14th century.
The word "lang" comes from the Proto-Germanic word *langaz, which also means "long". The word "innoð" comes from the Proto-Germanic word *innan, which also means "intestine".
Question
What are the four parts of the large intestine?
AQA Science Exam Question and Answer
Question:
Describe the functions of the large intestine in the human digestive system. How does the large intestine contribute to the absorption of water, electrolytes, and the formation of faeces?
Answer:
The large intestine, also known as the colon, is a vital component of the human digestive system with several important functions.
One of its primary roles is the absorption of water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food material, which arrives from the small intestine. This absorption process transforms the liquid mixture into a more compact and solid form, aiding in the formation of faeces.
The large intestine also hosts a diverse community of beneficial bacteria known as the gut microbiota. These microbes help in breaking down certain indigestible substances and synthesising certain vitamins, contributing to overall gut health.
Another function of the large intestine is the storage and subsequent elimination of waste products. As water and electrolytes are reabsorbed, the waste becomes more concentrated and forms faeces. These faeces are then stored in the rectum until they are ready to be eliminated through the anus during a bowel movement.
In summary, the large intestine plays a pivotal role in the digestive process by absorbing water and electrolytes, supporting the gut microbiota, and facilitating the formation and elimination of faeces. Its functions are crucial for maintaining hydration, nutrient balance, and overall digestive health.