lanthanum
Definition
Lanthanum is a chemical element with the symbol La and atomic number 57. It is a soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes slowly when exposed to air. Lanthanum is the first element in the lanthanide series of elements, which are also known as rare earth elements. Lanthanum is not found in its pure form in nature, but it is found in combination with other elements in minerals such as monazite and bastnäsite.
Lanthanum has a number of unique properties that make it useful in a variety of applications. For example, lanthanum is a strong base, which means that it can react with acids to produce salts. This property makes lanthanum useful in the manufacture of catalysts and batteries. Lanthanum is also a good conductor of electricity, which makes it useful in the manufacture of light bulbs and magnets.
How can the word be used?
Glassmaking: Lanthanum is used to make optical glasses that are more resistant to heat and chemicals.
Different forms of the word
Noun: Lanthanum is a chemical element with the symbol La and atomic number 57. It is a soft, silvery-white metal that is chemically similar to the lanthanide series.
Adjective: Lanthanic is an adjective that describes something that is related to lanthanum. For example, a lanthanic compound is a compound that contains lanthanum.
Verb: To lanthanize is to add lanthanum to something. For example, a lanthanum-doped crystal is a crystal that has been added lanthanum.
Etymology
The word "lanthanum" comes from the Greek word λανθανειν (lanthanein), which means "to lie hidden". This is because lanthanum was first discovered in 1839 by Carl Gustav Mosander, who found it hidden in a mineral called cerite.
The name "lanthanum" was chosen because it was thought to be a fitting name for an element that was so difficult to find. The Greek word "λανθανειν" also has the meaning of "invisible" or "hidden", which is another way of describing lanthanum.
Question
What is lanthanum used for?
AQA Science Exam Question and Answer
Question:
Explain the significance of lanthanum in modern technology and its applications. How does lanthanum contribute to the development of electronic devices and sustainable energy technologies?
Answer:
Lanthanum, a rare earth element, plays a crucial role in modern technology due to its unique properties and applications. It's utilized in various industries, particularly in electronics and sustainable energy technologies.
In electronic devices, lanthanum is a key component in the manufacturing of cathode ray tubes (CRTs), used in older televisions and computer monitors. It's also used in phosphors for LED displays, enhancing colour quality and energy efficiency.
Lanthanum is pivotal in rechargeable batteries, especially those found in hybrid and electric vehicles. Lanthanum-nickel-hydrogen batteries have high energy density and can efficiently store and release energy.
Moreover, lanthanum is an essential component in catalytic converters in automobile exhaust systems. It aids in converting harmful nitrogen oxides into less harmful substances, reducing air pollution and improving air quality.
In sustainable energy technologies, lanthanum is used in the production of high-performance magnets for wind turbines and electric vehicle motors. These magnets are critical for generating clean energy and advancing transportation electrification.
In summary, lanthanum's applications in electronics and sustainable energy technologies highlight its significance in modern life. Its contributions to efficient displays, advanced batteries, cleaner air, and renewable energy solutions make it a valuable element in shaping a more sustainable and technologically advanced future.