frost
Definition
Frost is a type of solid precipitation that forms when the temperature of the air is below freezing and the relative humidity is high. Frost is made up of tiny ice crystals that form on surfaces when water vapour in the air condenses.
The formation of frost is a two-step process. First, the water vapour in the air must cool down to below freezing. This can happen when the air temperature drops or when the air comes into contact with a cold surface.
Once the water vapour has cooled below freezing, it must then condense on a surface. This happens when the water vapour molecules collide with a surface and stick to it. The surface must be below freezing for the water vapour to condense.
The type of surface that frost forms on can affect the appearance of the frost. For example, frost that forms on a smooth surface will be smooth and uniform. Frost that forms on a rough surface will be more irregular and have a more textured appearance.
Frost can be a beautiful phenomenon, but it can also be dangerous. For example, frost can make roads slippery and cause accidents. Frost can also damage plants and crops.
How can the word be used?
The windowpanes were covered in frost.
Different forms of the word
Noun: frost, frosts.
Adjective: frosty.
Verb: frost, frosted, frosting.
Etymology
The word "frost" comes from the Old English word frost, which means "frost". The Old English word frost is thought to be related to the Old Norse word frostr, which also means "frost".
Question
When might frost appear?
AQA Science Exam Question and Answer
Question:
Explain the formation of frost and the impact it has on plants and the environment.
Answer:
Frost is formed through a process called deposition, where water vapour in the air transforms directly into ice crystals on surfaces with temperatures below freezing point. During clear, calm nights, heat radiates from the Earth's surface, causing it to cool rapidly. As the surface temperature drops, nearby moisture in the air condenses and freezes, leading to the formation of frost on plants and various objects.
The impact of frost on plants and the environment can be significant. Frost can damage plant tissues, especially tender parts like leaves and flowers, by rupturing their cells due to ice crystal formation. This damage can inhibit growth and reduce crop yields in agriculture. Additionally, frost can lead to the formation of icy patches on roads, increasing the risk of accidents. On the positive side, frost can also play a vital role in some ecosystems, acting as an insulating layer for hibernating animals and controlling pest populations by killing off insect larvae during winter months. Overall, frost is a natural phenomenon with both positive and negative implications for the environment and living organisms.