fern
Definition
Ferns are vascular plants, which means they have a system of tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant. However, unlike other vascular plants, ferns do not have flowers or seeds. They reproduce by spores, which are tiny reproductive units that are produced by the fern plant.
Ferns are an ancient group of plants, and they have been around for over 400 million years. They are found in all parts of the world, and there are over 12,000 different species of ferns.
Ferns have a variety of different adaptations that help them to survive in different environments. For example, some ferns have fronds that can fold up during dry periods to prevent water loss. Other ferns have roots that can grow deep into the soil to access water and nutrients.
Ferns play an important role in the ecosystem. They provide food and shelter for many different animals, and they also help to prevent soil erosion.
How can the word be used?
Ferns are vascular plants, which means they have a system of tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.
Different forms of the word
Noun: fern, ferny.
Adjective: ferny.
Verb: to fern.
Etymology
The word "fern" comes from the Old English word fearn, which also means "fern". It was first used in English in the 7th century, and it is still used today to refer to a type of plant that has feathery leaves.
Question
Where are you likely to find ferns?
AQA Science Exam Question and Answer
Question:
Explain the life cycle of a fern and the unique reproductive features it exhibits. Describe the alternation of generations in ferns and the significance of spores in their reproduction. Provide examples of real-life fern species and their ecological importance.
Answer:
The life cycle of a fern involves a fascinating alternation of generations. Ferns undergo asexual reproduction through spores and sexual reproduction through specialised structures called gametophytes. Spores are produced in sporangia, located on the underside of fern fronds. Once released, spores germinate into tiny, heart-shaped gametophytes. These gametophytes produce male and female gametes, sperm, and eggs, respectively.
Upon fertilisation, the zygote grows into a new sporophyte, developing into the familiar fern plant. This alternation of generations ensures genetic diversity and adaptation to varying environments.
An example of a fern species is the Boston fern (Nephrolepis exaltata). Ferns are ecologically significant as they contribute to soil stabilisation, provide habitat for small creatures, and play a role in nutrient cycling. Some ferns are also used ornamentally in landscaping.
In conclusion, ferns exhibit a unique life cycle with alternating generations involving spore production and sexual reproduction. Their ecological importance makes them valuable components of many ecosystems.