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deficiency

Definition

In science, a deficiency is a lack of a nutrient or other substance that is essential for the body to function properly. Deficiencies can be caused by a number of factors, including poor diet, illness, or genetics.

Here are some examples of deficiencies in science:

Nutritional deficiencies: These are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, or proteins. Nutritional deficiencies can lead to a variety of health problems, including anaemia, scurvy, and rickets.
Immune deficiencies: These are caused by a lack of white blood cells, which are responsible for fighting infection. Immune deficiencies can make people more susceptible to infections.
Hormonal deficiencies: These are caused by a lack of hormones, which are chemicals that regulate many bodily functions. Hormonal deficiencies can lead to a variety of health problems, including diabetes, hypothyroidism, and infertility.

Deficiency can have a number of negative consequences, including:

Health problems: Deficiencies can lead to a variety of health problems, depending on the nutrient or substance that is deficient.
Reduced productivity: Deficiencies can reduce productivity in work and school.
Increased risk of disease: Deficiencies can increase the risk of developing certain diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.

It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of deficiencies so that they can be treated early. There are a number of ways to prevent deficiencies, including eating a balanced diet, getting regular exercise, and taking supplements if necessary.

How can the word be used?

The child had a deficiency of vitamin D. The plant was deficient in nitrogen.

Different forms of the word

Noun: deficiency (plural: deficiencies).

Adjective: deficient.

Verb: to be deficient in something.

Etymology

The word "deficiency" comes from the Latin word "deficiens", which means "lacking" or "falling short". The word "deficiens" is derived from the verb "deficere", which means "to fail" or "to be lacking".

Question

What does the word deficiency mean?

AQA Science Exam Question and Answer

Question:

Question: Define nutritional deficiency and its potential impact on human health. Describe two common nutrient deficiencies, and their associated symptoms, and explain how individuals can prevent and address these deficiencies through dietary choices.

Answer:

Nutritional Deficiency and Health Impact: Nutritional deficiency occurs when the body lacks essential nutrients required for proper growth, development, and physiological functions. It can lead to various health problems and impair overall well-being.

Examples of Nutrient Deficiencies:

Iron Deficiency: Iron is crucial for red blood cell production and oxygen transport. An iron deficiency can cause anaemia, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, and pale skin.
Vitamin D Deficiency: Vitamin D plays a key role in bone health and the immune system. A deficiency in this vitamin can lead to weakened bones (osteoporosis) and an increased risk of infections.
Prevention and Management: Nutritional deficiencies can be prevented and addressed through a balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-rich foods. Foods like leafy greens, meats, nuts, and fortified dairy products can provide iron, while vitamin D can be obtained from sunlight exposure and dietary sources like fatty fish, fortified cereals, and egg yolks.

Raising awareness about the importance of a diverse and nutritious diet can help individuals maintain optimal health and prevent nutrient deficiencies. Regular health check-ups can also aid in early detection and management of any deficiencies that may arise.

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